![]() ![]() Thus it is also referred to as the lord or king of herbs. Actually the term 'ginseng' represents two Chinese ideograms: 'gin' (pronounced ren) refers to 'man' and 'seng' (pronounced shen) refers to 'essence' It is believed to embody man's three mythical essences – body, mind and spirit. The herbal root is named ginseng because it is shaped like a man. Literally ' Panax' can be translated as 'cure-all' or panacea. 'Pan' means 'all' and 'axos' means 'cure'. The genus name ' Panax' was derived from Greek. Meyer, a precious Chinese traditional medicinal herb, has been known clinically used in China for thousands of years. These findings may also lead to development of more efficacious ginseng-derived therapeutics for angiogenesis-related diseases. These lines of evidence support that the interaction between ginsenosides and various nuclear steroid hormone receptors may explain the diverse pharmacological activities of ginseng. Recent work has demonstrates the target molecules of ginsenosides to be a group of nuclear steroid hormone receptors. Ginsenosides and Panax ginseng extracts have been shown to exert protective effects on vascular dysfunctions, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic disorders and ischemic injury. Rg 3 and Rh 2) have been demonstrated in various models of tumor and endothelial cells, indicating that ginsenosides with opposing activities are present in ginseng. By contrast, the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of ginsenosides (e.g. These gene products may interact in a hierarchical cascade pattern to modulate cell architectural dynamics which is concomitant to the observed phenomena in angiogenesis. By means of DNA microarray, a group of genes related to cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeleton were found to be up-regulated in endothelial cells. ![]() Mechanistic studies revealed that such responses were mediated through the PI3K→Akt pathway. Rg 1 was later found to stimulate angiogenesis through augmenting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The 'Yin and Yang' action of ginseng on angiomodulation was paralleled by the experimental data showing angiogenesis was indeed related to the compositional ratio between ginsenosides Rg 1 and Rb 1. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the study of ginsenosides on angiogenesis which is related to many pathological conditions including tumor progression and cardiovascular dysfunctions.Īngiogenesis in the human body is regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. Most of the pharmacological actions of ginseng are attributed to one type of its constituents, namely the ginsenosides. It has also been claimed to be effective in combating stress, fatigue, oxidants, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Meyer) has long been used as a general tonic or an adaptogen to promote longevity and enhance bodily functions. There are so many better places in Koh Tao.In Chinese medicine, ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. I found the place quite depressing in terms of location, atmosphere, service and food. He proceeded to chat up two very young European women nearby ("I can't believe you don't have a boyfriend") with consummate sleaze. Then an older, European man arrived who was welcomed with much fanfare by the staff. My stir-fry was barely cooked and offered a series of raw vegetables, no discernible sauce or flavour, no tofu (which was requested & offered on the menu) but a few cashew nuts as per the name of the dish. The menu offered us a range of vegetarian dishes but upon ordering, we were advised that a number of them were pre-prepared with fish sauce (which we don't eat). Several dogs roamed the tables, who were generally friendly except for the poodle (whose ears and tail curiously appeared to have been dyed red) who occasionally barked anxiously in a shrill manner at the traffic. What we found was a gloomy, dusty, road-side establishment with no views of anything but the passing traffic. We were told that this was one of the best restaurants on Koh Tao according to Trip Advisor: great food & great menu, including for vegetarians. ![]()
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